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AP US History Unit 9 Terms Quiz Period 9: 1980–Present

How well do you know the major developments in modern American history? Our AP U.S. History Unit 9 Terms Quiz helps you review APUSH vocabulary from 1980 to the present. Topics include Reaganomics, the end of the Cold War, globalization, technological advances, and the War on Terror.

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AP US History Unit 9 Terms Quiz Period 9: 1980–Present

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1. Question

2. Question

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4. Question

Reagan and his successors reduced federal rules governing airlines, trucking, banking, telecommunications, and energy, arguing that competition would lower prices and spur innovation, a policy that began under Carter and accelerated in the 1980s. This policy is called

5. Question

In 1981, Reagan fulfilled a campaign promise by appointing an Arizona judge as the first woman to serve on the Supreme Court, where she became a decisive swing vote for a quarter century, and his later appointments moved the Court steadily to the right. This justice was

6. Question

In 1983, Reagan proposed a space-based missile defense system using lasers and satellites to shoot down Soviet missiles, which scientists called unworkable and critics nicknamed Star Wars, but which forced the Soviets into a costly competition they could not afford. This program was the

7. Question

8. Question

Reagan’s foreign policy went beyond containment to support anticommunist insurgents fighting Soviet-backed governments in Afghanistan, Nicaragua, Angola, and elsewhere, aiming to roll back Soviet influence in the developing world rather than merely halt it. This policy was the

9. Question

In 1981, Reagan signed the largest tax cut in American history, reducing the top income tax rate from 70 to 50 percent and cutting all rates by 25 percent over three years, the centerpiece of his supply-side program. This law was the

10. Question

In 1982, a proposed constitutional amendment guaranteeing equal rights regardless of sex died three states short of ratification after a campaign led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued it would subject women to the draft, end alimony, and undermine the family. This amendment was the

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14. Question

In 1985, a reformer took power in the Soviet Union and launched policies of openness and economic restructuring, negotiated arms reductions with Reagan, and refused to use force to hold Eastern Europe, setting in motion the collapse of the Soviet bloc. This leader was

15. Question

In November 1989, after Hungary opened its border and mass protests swept East Germany, the communist government suddenly allowed free passage through the barrier that had divided a city since 1961, and crowds tore it down with hammers as the world watched on television. This event was the

16. Question

In December 1991, after a failed coup by hardliners and declarations of independence by its republics, the communist superpower that had been America’s rival for 45 years dissolved into fifteen separate nations, leaving the United States as the world’s only superpower. This event was the

17. Question

In 1991, after Iraq invaded and annexed Kuwait, a coalition of 34 nations led by the United States and authorized by the United Nations drove Iraqi forces out in a six-week air campaign and a ground war lasting 100 hours, with few American casualties. This conflict was the

18. Question

In 1993, Congress approved an agreement eliminating most tariffs and trade barriers among the United States, Canada, and Mexico, which Clinton championed over the objections of labor unions who warned it would send manufacturing jobs south of the border. This agreement was

19. Question

In 1994, Georgia congressman Newt Gingrich led Republicans to their first House majority in forty years by campaigning on a ten-point platform promising a balanced budget amendment, welfare reform, term limits, and tax cuts, nationalizing a midterm election. This platform was the

20. Question

In 1998, the House impeached a president for perjury and obstruction of justice arising from his false statements under oath about an affair with a White House intern, and the Senate acquitted him the following year on a largely party-line vote. This episode was the

21. Question

In 1996, Clinton signed a Republican bill that ended the federal guarantee of cash assistance to poor families dating from the New Deal, replacing it with block grants to the states, work requirements, and a five-year lifetime limit on benefits. This law was

22. Question

In April 1995, a truck bomb destroyed a federal building and killed 168 people, the deadliest act of domestic terrorism in American history, carried out by an antigovernment extremist angry at federal agents’ actions at Waco and Ruby Ridge. This attack was the

23. Question

In December 2000, with the presidential election hinging on a few hundred votes in Florida, the Supreme Court halted a recount by a 5–4 vote, effectively awarding the presidency to the candidate who had lost the national popular vote. This case was

24. Question

In 1990, Congress passed a sweeping civil rights law barring discrimination against people with disabilities in employment and public accommodations and requiring accessible buildings, transportation, and communications, extending the model of the 1964 act to a new group. This law was the

25. Question

In the late 1990s, the spread of the internet set off a frenzy of investment in online companies, many with no profits, that pushed the NASDAQ index to record highs before it collapsed in 2000 and wiped out trillions of dollars in stock value. This boom and bust was the

26. Question

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28. Question

On the morning of September 11, 2001, nineteen hijackers flew two airliners into the World Trade Center towers in New York and one into the Pentagon, while passengers forced a fourth down in Pennsylvania, killing nearly 3,000 people in the deadliest attack ever on American soil. These were the

29. Question

Six weeks after the September 11 attacks, Congress passed with little debate a law expanding the government’s power to wiretap, search records, detain noncitizens, and share intelligence, which civil libertarians warned sacrificed privacy and due process for security. This law was the

30. Question

In 2002, Congress merged 22 federal agencies, including the Coast Guard, customs, immigration, and the new Transportation Security Administration, into a single cabinet department charged with preventing terrorist attacks, the largest reorganization of government since 1947. This department was the

31. Question

In October 2001, the United States invaded a country whose Taliban government had sheltered al-Qaeda, quickly toppling the regime but then fighting a twenty-year insurgency that ended with the Taliban back in power after American withdrawal in 2021. This conflict was the

32. Question

33. Question

In 2002, President Bush announced that the United States would not wait for threats to materialize but would strike first against hostile states and terrorist groups seeking weapons of mass destruction, and that it would act alone if necessary. This policy was the

34. Question

Beginning in 2002, the United States held hundreds of suspected terrorists captured in Afghanistan and elsewhere at a naval base in Cuba, outside the reach of American courts, where some were subjected to interrogation methods that critics and later the Senate called torture. This facility was

35. Question

In August 2005, a hurricane breached the levees protecting New Orleans and flooded 80 percent of the city, killing more than 1,800 people, and the slow federal response, which left mostly poor and Black residents stranded for days, badly damaged the Bush administration. This disaster was

36. Question

In 2010, responding to the financial crisis, Congress passed the most sweeping regulation of Wall Street since the New Deal, creating a consumer protection bureau, requiring banks to hold more capital, and giving regulators power to wind down failing firms deemed too big to fail. This law was the

37. Question

In 2008, an Illinois senator who had opposed the Iraq War won the presidency with a campaign built on grassroots organizing, online fundraising, and a message of hope and change, becoming the first African American to hold the office. This president was

38. Question

In May 2011, Navy SEALs raided a compound in Pakistan and killed the Saudi-born founder of al-Qaeda who had planned the September 11 attacks and eluded capture for nearly a decade. This figure was

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40. Question

In 2010, Congress passed a law requiring most Americans to carry health insurance, barring insurers from denying coverage for preexisting conditions, expanding Medicaid, and creating subsidized insurance marketplaces, the largest expansion of the social safety net since Medicare. This law was the

41. Question

Beginning in 2009, a grassroots conservative movement protesting the bank bailouts, the stimulus, and the health care law, and demanding lower taxes and smaller government, helped Republicans win the House in 2010 and pushed the party further to the right. This movement was the