Questions 1–4 refer to the following excerpt:

Which of the following best describes the broader historical context in which the Silk Road flourished?

What was a primary reason for the expansion of the central Asian sections of the Silk Road during the Han dynasty?

Which of the following remained consistent about the Silk Road from 200 BCE to 1400 CE?

Compared to maritime trade routes in the Indian Ocean, the Silk Road was primarily:

Questions 5–8 refer to the following excerpt:

Which of the following provides context for the significance of Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca?

What was a primary consequence of Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca for the Mali Empire?

Which of the following remained a constant feature of the Mali Empire before and after Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage?

Compared to other medieval rulers, Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca was unique primarily because of:

Questions 9–12 refer to the following excerpt:

Which of the following best describes the broader historical context in which the printing press was invented?

What was a primary consequence of the invention of the printing press for European societies?

Which of the following changed as a direct result of the invention of the printing press?

Compared to handwritten manuscripts, books produced using the printing press were:

Questions 13–16 refer to the following excerpt:

Which of the following best describes the broader global context during the time of the Opium Wars?

What was a primary cause of the Opium Wars between China and Britain?

Which of the following changed as a direct result of the Opium Wars and the subsequent treaties?

Compared to other countries in Asia during the 19th century, China’s experience with European powers was unique because:

Questions 17–20 refer to the following excerpt:

Which of the following best describes the broader historical context leading up to the Industrial Revolution?

What was a primary consequence of the Industrial Revolution for global trade?

Which of the following industries was most directly transformed by the innovations of the Industrial Revolution?

Compared to pre-industrial societies, industrialized societies in the 19th century:

Questions 21–24 refer to the following excerpt:

Which of the following best describes the broader historical context in which Islam emerged?

What was a primary factor in the rapid spread of Islam after the death of Prophet Muhammad?

Which of the following practices remained consistent in regions that converted to Islam?

Compared to other major world religions, a unique feature of Islam is:

Questions 25–28 refer to the following excerpt:

Which of the following best describes the broader historical context that facilitated the Age of Exploration?

What was a primary motivation for European explorers during the Age of Exploration?

Which of the following changes occurred as a result of the Age of Exploration?

Compared to other European explorers, what distinguishes Ferdinand Magellan’s expedition?

Questions 29–32 refer to the following excerpt:

Which of the following best describes the broader historical context in which Rousseau wrote The Social Contract?

Based on the excerpt, what concern is Rousseau addressing in The Social Contract?

Which Enlightenment principle is Rousseau emphasizing in the excerpt?

Compared to other Enlightenment thinkers, how did Rousseau’s views on the social contract differ?

Questions 33–36 refer to the following excerpt:

Which of the following best describes the broader historical context of the testimony provided by Joseph Hebergam?

Based on the excerpt, what can be inferred about the treatment of child workers in factories during the Industrial Revolution?

Which of the following changes occurred as a direct result of testimonies like that of Joseph Hebergam?

Compared to pre-industrial societies, how did the role of children change during the Industrial Revolution?

Questions 37–39 refer to the following excerpt:

Which of the following best describes the broader historical context of Ahmed Ben Bella’s statement?

Based on the excerpt, what can be inferred about the goals of the Algerian National Liberation Front?

Compared to other decolonization movements, how did the Algerian struggle for independence stand out?

Questions 40–42 refer to the following excerpt:

Based on the excerpt, what can be inferred about the teachings of Mahayana Buddhism?

Which of the following developments can be linked to the sentiments expressed in the excerpt?

Compared to other religious traditions of the time, how did Mahayana Buddhism’s teachings stand out?

Questions 43–46 refer to the following excerpt:

Which of the following best describes the broader historical context of the excerpt?

Based on the excerpt, what can be inferred about the conditions aboard slave ships during the transatlantic journey?

Which of the following developments can be linked to the sentiments expressed in the excerpt?

Compared to other forms of labor during the same period, how did the treatment of enslaved Africans differ?

Questions 47–50 refer to the following excerpt:

Which of the following best describes the broader historical context of the excerpt?

Based on the excerpt, what can be inferred about the central tenets of Buddhism?

Which of the following developments can be linked to the sentiments expressed in the excerpt?

Compared to other religious and philosophical traditions of the same period, how did Buddhism’s teachings differ?

Questions 51–55 refer to the following excerpt:

In the context of the 19th century, which of the following developments most directly relates to the ideas expressed in the excerpt?

How does Mill’s perspective in On Liberty compare to the ideas of Enlightenment thinkers like Rousseau?

What 19th-century movement or ideology is most closely aligned with the principles outlined in Mill’s On Liberty?

How did the ideas expressed in Mill’s On Liberty reflect a change from earlier societal norms?

Which piece of evidence would best support an argument that Mill’s On Liberty was a product of its time?