Questions 1–4 refer to the passage below.

Which of the following aspects of the Mali Empire best explains why Ibn Battuta was fascinated with it?

Ibn Battuta’s use of the phrase “Another of their good qualities” reflects Battuta’s belief that

The practices described by Ibn Battuta in the passage above are an example of which of the following?

This account of traveler Ibn Battuta would be useful when studying

Questions 5–8 refer to the map below, which shows the Indian Ocean trading system circa 500–1,000 AD.

What role did the monsoon winds play in Indian Ocean trade?

Which of the following was primarily traded from Southeast Asia in the Indian Ocean trading system?

Which of the following was a major cultural impact of Indian Ocean trade on coastal East Africa?

Which empire actively participated in Indian Ocean trade by controlling the Strait of Malacca from the 7th to 12th Centuries?

Questions 9–12 refer to the passages below.

The statements of both European travelers share similar descriptions of

What is the author’s purpose in writing source 1?

Marco Polo’s writing best reflects which of the following developments in the history of the Silk Road after 1200?

The views expressed in the two passages reflect what cultural trends of Europe in the late medieval era?

Questions 13–15 refer to the passage below.

Which major historical event is best described by the excerpt from the passage above?

The process and impact of Choi’s independent development of gunpowder in Korea, as described in Peter S. Kim’s The Age of Gunpowder, most closely resembles which of the following historical developments?

Based on Peter S. Kim’s description in The Age of Gunpowder, the initial use of gunpowder in Korea for non-military purposes before its adaptation for firearms is most similar to which historical pattern?

Questions 16–20 refer to the images below.

Source 1: Muslim scholars reading books and debating philosophies at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad circa early 13th century.

Source 2: The Persian astronomer Nasir al Din Tusi, “Tusi Couple Diagram” (c. 13th century). This showed the rate of varying speeds at which celestial bodies orbit the earth. His work influenced Niccolai Copernicus in the 16th century.

What does the image of Muslim scholars reading and debating at the House of Wisdom primarily illustrate about the intellectual culture of Baghdad in the early 13th century?

Source 1: Muslim scholars reading books and debating philosophies at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad circa early 13th century.

Source 2: The Persian astronomer Nasir al Din Tusi, “Tusi Couple Diagram” (c. 13th century). This showed the rate of varying speeds at which celestial bodies orbit the earth. His work influenced Niccolai Copernicus in the 16th century.

The “Tusi Couple Diagram” by Nasir al-Din Tusi is best understood in the context of which broader historical development?

Source 1: Muslim scholars reading books and debating philosophies at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad circa early 13th century.

Source 2: The Persian astronomer Nasir al Din Tusi, “Tusi Couple Diagram” (c. 13th century). This showed the rate of varying speeds at which celestial bodies orbit the earth. His work influenced Niccolai Copernicus in the 16th century.

Comparing the intellectual environments of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad and the Library of Alexandria in ancient Egypt, which of the following is a common characteristic?

Source 1: Muslim scholars reading books and debating philosophies at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad circa early 13th century.

Source 2: The Persian astronomer Nasir al Din Tusi, “Tusi Couple Diagram” (c. 13th century). This showed the rate of varying speeds at which celestial bodies orbit the earth. His work influenced Niccolai Copernicus in the 16th century.

How did the establishment of institutions like the House of Wisdom in Baghdad contribute to the development of scientific thought during the Islamic Golden Age?

Source 1: Muslim scholars reading books and debating philosophies at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad circa early 13th century.

Source 2: The Persian astronomer Nasir al Din Tusi, “Tusi Couple Diagram” (c. 13th century). This showed the rate of varying speeds at which celestial bodies orbit the earth. His work influenced Niccolai Copernicus in the 16th century.

In what way does Nasir al-Din Tusi’s “Tusi Couple Diagram” represent a continuity in the tradition of astronomical study from ancient to medieval times?